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Nutrition sources

Every data source and scientific reference PixNutri uses today, what each one is used for, and the sources we prefer when we write new nutrition content.

By PixNutri Editorial Team · Last updated October 1, 2026

This page lists where the numbers in PixNutri and on this website come from. We keep it current: when we add or remove a source, this page changes too.

Sources used in the app

WhatSourceUsed for
Photo scansGoogle Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (AI model)Recognising the food and estimating portion, calories, protein, carbs, fat, fiber, sugar and a 1 to 10 health score
Barcode scansOpen Food FactsNutrition facts per 100 g for packaged products
Barcode health scoreNutri-Score grade (via Open Food Facts)Converting grades A, E into the 1 to 10 health score
Calorie targetMifflin-St Jeor equation (1990)Resting energy expenditure from sex, age, height and weight
Weight-loss paceNHLBI clinical guidelinesKeeping the default deficit at 500 kcal/day
Protein targetISSN position stand on protein (2017)1.4 to 1.8 g per kg of body weight
Fat targetInstitute of Medicine DRIs27% of calories, inside the 20 to 35% range
Fasting timerde Cabo & Mattson, NEJM 2019The safety note shown with the timer
Vitamins & mineralsFDA Daily ValuesShowing vitamin C, D, B12, iron, calcium, potassium and magnesium as a share of the daily value; the amounts themselves are AI estimates
Water goal and over-drinking warningEFSA Dietary Reference Values for water (2010)The daily water goal and the note that much more water isn’t better
Healthy eating tips and food scoresWHO healthy diet fact sheetLight Day food tips (vegetables, lean protein, no added sugar or alcohol), the advice under scan results and insights
Walking and activity tipsWHO physical activity fact sheetWalk suggestions in the Light Day checklist and daily check-in
Sleep tipCDC, About SleepThe Light Day tip to sleep a little earlier
Supplement tracker safety noteNIH NCCIH, Using Dietary Supplements WiselyThe advice to ask a doctor or pharmacist before starting supplements

Important: photo scans are AI estimates. The app does not currently look up each recognised food in a government food-composition database such as USDA FoodData Central. How the estimate is produced, and its limits, are described on our methodology and accuracy pages.

Sources used on this website

Our calorie tables use USDA FoodData Central (SR Legacy): each food page links to its USDA record. Our accuracy page summarises two peer-reviewed studies on dietary apps and AI photo estimation (Fridolfsson et al., 2025; Zhang et al., 2021). Each article and guide lists the sources it actually uses in its own “Sources” section at the bottom of the page.

Sources we prefer for new content

When we write new nutrition content, we start from primary scientific literature and official or institutional sources, for example:

We only list a source on a page if that page actually relies on it. We avoid blogs, influencer content and other apps’ marketing claims as evidence. Read our full editorial policy.

Sources

  1. Google Gemini API Additional Terms of Service
  2. Open Food Facts
  3. Open Food Facts: Nutri-Score
  4. Mifflin MD, St Jeor ST, et al. A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;51(2):241-247
  5. NHLBI. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: Treatment Guidelines
  6. Jäger R, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;14:20
  7. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients)
  8. de Cabo R, Mattson MP. Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Health, Aging, and Disease. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(26):2541-2551
  9. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels
  10. EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies. Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for water. EFSA Journal. 2010;8(3):1459
  11. World Health Organization. Healthy diet (fact sheet)
  12. World Health Organization. Physical activity (fact sheet)
  13. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About Sleep
  14. NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Using Dietary Supplements Wisely
  15. USDA FoodData Central: SR Legacy
  16. Fridolfsson J, et al. Performance Evaluation of 3 Large Language Models for Nutritional Content Estimation from Food Images. Current Developments in Nutrition. 2025
  17. Zhang L, et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Validation Studies Performed on Dietary Record Apps. Advances in Nutrition. 2021

Written by the PixNutri Editorial Team. PixNutri provides general information, not medical advice. Learn how we work: Methodology · Nutrition sources · Editorial policy

Spotted a factual error? Report it to our editorial team. We review every report and update the page if needed.

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